Factors affecting the morphology of microcapsules
produced via a complex coacervation process, an
experimental study
Autori: V. Guida, C. Ricci Presentato al:VIII Convegno Nazionale di Reologia Anno: 2004 Volume: Unico - Issue: Unico Casa Editrice: Lingua: English
Abstract
Complex coacervation is a process that allows producing soft liquid core microcapsules starting from oil in water emulsion. Carbonless copy paper as well as scratch and sniff perfume samples are made using microcapsules produced by coacervation technology. The properties of the microcapsules produced, their size distribution and their morphology are greatly influenced from the emulsion properties and the fluidodynamics of the emulsification process. This work analyses experimentally a specific complex coacervation system. As a first step, the system thermodynamics is characterized in order to study the coacervation equilibrium. Then, encapsulation yield, kinetics and results are experimentally characterized using a DoE technique. In a second stage, it has been examined the influence of fluidodynamics on capsules size distribution. Experimental results are compared with the prediction of theoretical models. The key results of this work are summarized below: • By changing the formulation of the emulsion, it is possible to control microcapsules physical properties, such as mechanical resistance. • By controlling the rheology of the emulsion and the emulsification process, it is possible to control microcapsules size distribution. • Preliminary data indicate that the kinetics of the process is controlled by the diffusion of cross linking agent in the coacervate gel. • The use of conventional emulsification route seems to pose a limit to minimum size of microcapsules achievable, as increasing agitation speed the encapsulation yield is reduced and coacervate microparticles are formed.
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